Ultra-Light Emergency Shelter
Build a fast weather barrier when stranded without a tent — priority is insulation from ground cold and wind.
Hypothermia kills faster than thirst. Ground contact drains body heat — always insulate from the earth.
Site Selection
Choose high ground away from water runoff. Look for natural windbreaks (rock face, dense brush). Avoid dead trees and avalanche paths.
Frame & Cover
Lean a ridgepole between two trees or use trekking poles. Drape a tarp, emergency blanket, or poncho at 45° for rain runoff. Stake corners with guy lines or rocks.
Required gear
Ground Insulation
Stack 15–20 cm of dry leaves, pine needles, or grass between you and the ground. A closed-cell foam pad or folded emergency blanket doubles survival time.
Heat Retention
Close the shelter entrance partially to trap body heat. Remove wet layers before sleeping. Share body heat with another operator if possible.
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